5, 6Hz), 7 03 (1H, m) 13C NMR (CDCl3, 100MHz) δ 14 09, 19 58, 19

5, 6Hz), 7.03 (1H, m). 13C NMR (CDCl3, 100MHz) δ 14.09, 19.58, 19.65, 19.72, 22.60, 22.69, 24.32, 24.45, 24.77, 26.03, 26.07, 26.15, 27.93, 28.82, 29.32–29.84, 32.76, 33.9, 36.84–37.50, 38.57, 39.33, 39.70 59.00, 62.97, 68.60, 69.74, 69.83, 70.29, 70,53, 70.91, 71.53, 71.56, 71.69, 71.83, 71.89, 75.60, 77.20, 78.21, 80.50, 170.52. 2.3. Preparation of PEGylated Archaeosomes and PEGylated Liposomes Stock solutions of Egg-PC (1mg/mL) and PEG45-DSPE (1mg/mL) were prepared in CHCl3:CH3OH (2:1, v/v), while stock solutions Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of PEG45-Tetraether (1mg/mL) were prepared in CHCl3. Liposomes and

archaeosomes were obtained by the hydration method as already described elsewhere [16–18]. Briefly, the selected lipid solutions were mixed to yield either a CAL-101 clinical trial mixture of Egg-PC and PEG45-DSPE (90:10wt%) or a mixture of Egg-PC and PEG45-Tetraether (90:10wt%) with a total Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical lipid concentration of 1mg/mL. The organic solvents were then evaporated using a rotary evaporator, and the lipid films thus obtained were dried under high vacuum for 2 hours at room temperature. The dried lipid films were then hydrated with 1mL of milliQ water. The solutions were vortexed and left at 4°C overnight. Archaeosome or liposome formulations

were sonicated at room temperature for two times 5min with interval of Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 5min using a Fischer scientific sonication bath (FB 15051) at 80KHz. Each formulation was realized in duplicate. 2.4. Encapsulation of Carboxyfluorescein into Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical PEGylated Archaeosomes PEG45-Tetraether (90:10wt%) based archaeosomes and Egg-PC/PEG45-DSPE (90:10wt) PEGylated Liposomes: Carboxyfluorescein (CF) was encapsulated in Egg-PC based liposomes during the hydration phase as described elsewhere [19]. Briefly, Egg-PC/PEG45-Tetraether (90:10wt%) and Egg-PC/PEG45-DSPE (90:1wt%) lipid films were prepared as described above. After drying, both lipid films were hydrated with 1mL

of a tris(hydroxyl methyl) methylamine buffer (Tris buffer) at pH 7.4 containing CF at a concentration of 100mM. The solutions were vortexed and left at 4°C overnight. Both PEGylated archaeosomes and PEGylated Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical liposomes containing CF were sonicated before (Fischer scientific sonication bath FB 15051-80KHz) at room temperature for two times 5min with interval of 5min. Nonencapsulated CF was eliminated by size exclusion column chromatography on the Sephadex G-50gel with the Tris buffer as eluent. Both PEGylated archaeosomes and PEGylated liposomes containing CF were analyzed by DLS and by fluorescence using a Fluoromax-3 (Horiba) spectrofluorimeter with excitation and emission wavelengths of 490 and 515nm, respectively. 2.5. Size, Polydispersity, and Zeta Potential Measurements The size (average diameter obtained by the cumulant result method), polydispersity and zeta potential of the formulations were measured by dynamic light scattering using a Delsa Nano Beckman Coulter apparatus at 25°C. The samples were diluted 2 times with milliQ water. 2.6.

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