ConclusionPreoperative diagnosis of REAH is facilitated by the combination of medical manifestations and endoscopic and imaging features. Endoscopic complete resection is capable of a great therapeutic effect.ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and clinical effectation of the surgical method and technique of transnasal fenestration under nasal endoscope for the treatment of maxillary odontogenic cyst. MethodsThe clinical information of 23 cases with maxillary odontogenic cysts treated by nasal endoscopy through nasal fenestration had been retrospectively reviewed. All cases underwent nasal endoscopy and CT assessment prior to the operation. The mucosal membrane associated with the parietal wall surface associated with the cyst was excised through fenestration regarding the nasal base. The cyst liquid was eliminated by decompression, and the bony orifice for the nasal base had been trimmed and increased towards the edge of the cyst. The intraoperative and postoperative impacts were seen. ResultsAll instances had been well subjected under the direct vision of nasal endoscope. The most truly effective wall associated with the cyst was eliminated to increase the interaction between the cyst cavity while the nasal floor. There have been no problems such as nasolacrimal duct injury, turbinate atrophy, necrosis, and facial numbness. All clients had been followed up for 6-12 months, additionally the medical symptoms slowly vanished after surgery. The substandard turbinate was at good shape, the cyst cavity Brain biopsy had been smooth, the cyst wall was determined, and no cyst recurrence was seen. ConclusionThe treatment of odontogenic cyst of maxilla under nasal endoscope through nasal fenestration is convenient. It offers less stress, less complications and a reasonable curative effect, which can be worth clinical advertising.ObjectiveTo report the feeling of utilizing CT-guided cochlear implant surgery in difficult instances such as extreme internal ear deformities and anatomical abnormalities, also to talk about the application value of intraoperative CT-assisted localization in difficult cases of cochlear implant surgery. MethodsRetrospectively analyzed the medical data of 23 situations of difficult cochlear implant surgery instances completed by we using the support of intraoperative CT, and collected their medical data, including preoperative imaging manifestations, medical circumstances, and intraoperative imaging images for evaluation. ResultsDuring the research duration, 23 difficult cases（27 ears） underwent cochlear implantation under the assistance of intraoperative CT, and 4 cases had been bilaterally implanted. Including 6 situations of partial segmentation type Ⅰ（IP-Ⅰ）, 1 instance of partial segmentation type Ⅱ（IP-Ⅱ）, 10 situations of incomplete segmentation type Ⅲ（IP-Ⅲ）, 3 situations of typical cavity deformity（CC） and 3 cases of cochlear ossification after meningitis. Facial neurological anatomy ended up being abnormal in 9 situations, cerebrospinal fluid “blowout” was really serious in 14 cases, electrode position was irregular in 3 situations calling for intraoperative modification of electrode position, anatomical difficulties required intraoperative CT to help to find anatomical landmarks in 2 instances, and electrodes were not totally implanted in 3 cases. ConclusionWhen confronted with tough situations with difficult and complex temporal bone tissue anatomy, intraoperative CT can accurately evaluate the electrode position and provide intraoperative anatomical details, allowing instant adjustment associated with electrode position if necessary, providing safety guarantee for difficult cases of cochlear implant surgery and make certain precise implantation of electrodes.ObjectiveTo translate the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment of voice scale（URICA-Voice） into Chinese and test its dependability and substance. MethodsThe URICA-Voice scale was changed into Chinese by literal interpretation, cultural modification, expert consultation, pre-investigation, and back translation. Convenience sampling was utilized to recruit customers at four speech therapy centers from February to May 2022. Then Chinese type of the scale ended up being distributed for them, as well as the reliability and quality for the scale were tested after information collection. Cronbach ɑ was used to gauge the dependability. The critical proportion strategy and Pearson correlation coefficient were utilized for product evaluation. Item-level material legitimacy, scale-level content validity, and confirmatory aspect evaluation were utilized to try the quality of the scale. ResultsA total of 247 good surveys were gathered. ①Item evaluation the critical ratios between a high-score and low-score groups of 32 items were all statistically significant（P less then 0.01） and all YAPTEADInhibitor1 the critical ratios were above 3.00. The Pearson correlation between 32 products together with total rating was significant（P less then 0.01）. ②Validity analysis I-CVI=1.00, S-CVI/Ave=1.00, χ²/df=2.30, RMSEA=0.07. With the exception of product 9 and 23, the standardized factor loading coefficients of various other products had been all above 0.50. AVE of this four measurements of the scale ended up being all above 0.50, together with combined dependability of this four dimensions ended up being all above 0.70. The correlation coefficients between proportions were less than the square root of this AVE of this measurement itself Bioreactor simulation . ③Reliability analysis the Cronbach ɑ associated with whole scale was 0.94, as well as the Cronbach ɑ of the four proportions had been 0.88, 0.92, 0.94, and 0.88 correspondingly.