Despite the increased number of clinical and experimental studies INCB018424 using ACB grafts for periodontal regenerative therapy in recent years,9,50,51 ACB grafts are reported to be osteoconductive but not osteogenic, since only a few cells survive.9,52 In an experimental study using a dog model with surgically created Class II furcation defects, periodontal healing was similar irrespective of treatment with surgical debridement alone, ACB grafting, or ACB grafting with a calcium sulfate barrier.9 It is important to note that using an ACB graft minimizes additional surgical morbidity, as there is no secondary surgical site. BG has been demonstrated to be biocompatible, make direct contact with bone, and have an ability to enhance regenerative healing.
19,53 Some clinical studies have shown better clinical results with BG compared to the open flap debridement procedure in the treatment of intraosseous defects.32,47 As well as observing clinical and radiological results, histological analysis is necessary to evaluate the type of healing which occurs after treatment. In a histological study, it has been reported that BG grafting has both osteoconductive properties and an osteostimulatory effect.38 Histological analysis of 5 human intrabony defects that were treated with BG confirmed new formation of root cementum and connective tissue attachment at only 1 tooth.23 Although data suggests there is no histological evidence in humans that BG improves periodontal regeneration treatment outcomes54, BG was selected from the available alloplastic synthetic bone grafting materials to treat intraosseous periodontal defects in the current study, due to the results of histological studies and various clinical reports.
23,32,38,47 CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, both ACB and BG grafting led to similar improvements in clinical and radiographic parameters 6 months after the treatment of intraosseous periodontal defects. Autogenous bone grafts, a rich source of bone and marrow cells, have been accepted as the gold standard for bone grafting procedures. Autogenous bone is frequently harvested from intra-oral sites, often from the surgical site adjacent to the intraosseous defects. The use of an ACB graft does not require a second surgery site. However, harvesting of intraoral bone is restricted to donor sites that yield comparatively limited graft volume.
Thus, in Dacomitinib order to overcome this important limitation, autogenous bone can be combined with other types of graft material. The current study suggests that either an ACB graft, which is completely safe with no concerns associated with disease transmission and immunogenic reactions, or a BG graft, which has an unlimited supply, can be selected for regenerative periodontal treatment. Footnotes CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare that they have no financial relationships related to any products involved in this study.