The baseline predictors were (i) age, gender, and duration of illness, (ii) symptomatic status assessed with the

expanded version of the CGI-Schizophrenia including an overall severity of illness score and 4 subscores for the severity of positive, negative, cognitive, and depressive syndromes, (iii) functional variables included the occupational/vocational status and independent living assessed in yes/no categories, (iv) subjective well-being assessed with the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical SWN. The early course of treatment predictors were early symptomatic, functional, and subjective well-being remission at 3 months. The course of treatment predictors were compliance with antipsychotic medication, (noncompliance was defined as missing ≥50 % of medication over at least 4 weeks) and comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of Mental Disorders

(DSM-IV) criteria, categorized into (i) no SUD; (ii) remitted SUD (remission during follow-up with SUD at baseline); and (iii) persistent SUD. Lambert et al (unpublished data) found that 50 % of the selleckchem patients achieved symptomatic remission and about 40 % subjective well-being remission, whereas only Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical one third sustained functional remission. Including symptomatic and functional criteria, 19 % achieved complete remission in the SOHO study; following the consensus statement including the subjective quality of life, remission Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical rate decreased to 14 %. It is of particular interest that 32 % of all patients achieved none of the three remission criteria. First antipsychotic treatment proved to be a predictor of all remission criteria. Similarly to the study by Robinson,52 the functional remission criterion of 24.5 % was the main barrier in achieving complete remission. Consistent with previous studies,52,56 early remission within the first 3 months predicted all remission

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical criteria including complete remission. Therefore, early detection because of incomplete remission or treatment resistance and subsequent treatment adaptation are mandatory in the treatment of multiple-episode patients as well as first-episode patients.61 Lambert et al found specific predictors of remission components in the SOHO analysis. Persistent SUD when compared with no SUD was associated with a decreased probability of symptomatic remission, while baseline SUD was not found to have significant influence on symptomatic remission, consistent with previous findings.60 Similar to findings from many previous studies, medication noncompliance was associated with symptomatic nonremission. Conclusion For a long period, many psychiatrists believed that they knew their patients well enough not to need additional self-ratings by the patients.