As shown in Figure 2, 213 participants lacked duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears (no stool sample was provided), 183 had Idelalisib GS-1101 no urine filtration done (no urine sample was provided), and 116 had missing ether-concentration data (insufficient stool provided to perform the test). Complete parasitological data were available from 1,992 individuals (58.2% based on the registered population). Figure 2 Flow chart showing the study cohort and compliance with emphasis on the three different samples considered in the analysis. In 54 households, adult members were either absent or refused to participate in the questionnaire survey. Interviews were conducted in the remaining 431 households (88.9%). For regression analysis, 98 participants dropped, due to missing questionnaire data leading to a final study sample of 1,894 people (55.

4% of the registered population). Parasitological Results Among those 1,992 participants with complete parasitological data, we found prevalences for hookworm, S. haematobium, T. trichiura, S. mansoni, and A. lumbricoides of 33.5%, 7.0%, 1.6%, 1.3%, and 0.8%, respectively (Table 1). Only very few individuals were identified with moderate or heavy helminth infection intensities, with the exception of S. haematobium (25.9% of the infections were classified as heavy, i.e., ��50 eggs/10 ml of urine). The prevalences of the pathogenic intestinal protozoa G. intestinalis and E. histolytica/E. dispar were 15.0% and 14.4%, respectively. The most common intestinal protozoa were E. coli and B. hominis with respective prevalences of 45.0% and 35.4%.

Table 1 Helminth infection prevalence and intensity among 1,992 participants in Taabo, south-central C?te d��Ivoire, in July 2011. Males were significantly more likely to be infected with hookworm than females (38.8% vs. 28.2%; ��2=25.49, p<0.001). The same patterns were found for E. coli (50.6% vs. 39.4%; ��2=25.08, p<0.001) and E. nana (31.8% vs. 25.2%; ��2=10.69, p=0.001). In contrast, females were more likely to be infected with T. trichiura compared to males (2.2% vs. 1.0%; ��2=4.62, p=0.032). Several intestinal parasites were significantly associated with age group, including hookworm (��2=123.35, degree of freedom (d.f.)=4, p<0.001), S. mansoni (��2=14.11, d.f.=4, p=0.007), S. haematobium (��2=74.68, d.f.=4, p<0.001) and six of the eight encountered intestinal protozoa (E. histolytica/E.

dispar, E. coli, E. nana, I. b��tschlii, G. intestinalis, and B. hominis). Age-prevalence curves are shown in Figure 3. Participants of poorer households were significantly more often infected with hookworm (CI=?0.0266, standard error (SE)=0.0085), T. trichiura (CI=?0.2774, Entinostat SE=0.1230), E. histolytica/E. dispar (CI=?0.1072, SE=0.0242), I. b��tschlii (CI=?0.0414, SE=0.0189), and G. intestinalis (CI=?0.0548, SE=0.0162). However, the prevalence of S.