mangium. The microbial

metabolism of cellulose is gaining importance in recent years due to applications in the production of cellulosic ethanol preferred over grain ethanol [30]. During plant biomass breakdown into simple sugars, the bacterial isolate JS-C42 was able to utilize all four particulate substrates such as paddy straw, sorghum, leaves of F. religiosa, pods and leaves of A. mangium in a similar fashion, and there was a significant correlation in the apparent loss of substrate dry weight and simple sugar accumulation during the course of the fermentation process. These results also demonstrated Omipalisib supplier the ability of halotolerant bacterial isolate JS-C42 to degrade complex cellulosic substrates into simpler forms. The

overall trend in reducing sugar release by the bacterial isolate JS-C42 from various plant biomass was almost similar, however each plant biomass differed in the level of sugar release. The uptake of released sugar for the bacterial metabolism is low when compared to the amount of free sugar present in the spent medium. The residual cellulose over the time course experiment denoted there was a gradual decrease in hydrolyzable cellulose content by the enzyme released by the cellulolytic bacteria at the maximum Selleck Ibrutinib reducing sugar release stage (48–78 h). The enhanced initial growth in the medium supplemented with 0.03% glucose along with the biomass (paddy straw) showed selleck kinase inhibitor the cellulolytic bacterial isolate JS-C42 can utilize the initial glucose content and once reaching the threshold level, there is a proportionate rise in the availability of free glucose in the medium

over the course of time. Production of second-generation ethanol from plant biomass is an advantage over the starch ethanol, due to the high amount of reducing sugars derived from saccharification of cellulosic plant biomass. During the fermentation process, the reducing sugar derived from the biomass of A. mangium, was converted into ethanol and the ethanol yield was compared with the maximal theoretical yield for the glucose (510 mg/g). Concentration of ethanol increased with the time accompanied by the drastic reduction in the reducing sugar level in the fermentation broth. The highest concentration of ethanol production was observed at 42 h in case of sugar derived from A. mangium leaves and the detected quantity was 82.4 mg g−1. Likewise at 54 h higher level of ethanol (65.3 mg g−1) was observed for the A. mangium pods derived reducing sugars. In case of Ficus leaves, paddy straw and sorghum stubbles, the maximum alcohol content was quantified as 43.1, 63.1 and 54.5 mg g−1 respectively ( Fig. 3).